Ephesians 4:30-32 reminds us of a decisive truth: we have been sealed with the Holy Spirit for the day of redemption, and therefore we must not grieve him. To grieve the Spirit is not a theological abstraction, but the result of concrete attitudes that disfigure the Christian community and darken the testimony of Christ among us. The apostle points out that the root is in the heart: bitterness, resentment, anger, shouting, insults, and malice are symptoms of lives that need to be brought before the transforming grace.